Answering Christianity Al uw vragen over het christendom beantwoord
In de Naam van Allah, de Meest Barmhartige, de Meest Genadevolle.
Zeg: “O, mensen van het Boek, komt tot één woord, waarin wij met elkander overeenstemmen: dat wij niemand dan Allah aanbidden en dat wij niets met Hem vereenzelvigen en dat sommigen onzer geen anderen tot goden nemen, buiten Allah.” Maar, als zij zich afwenden, zegt dan: “Getuigt, dat wij Moslims zijn.” [Surah Ali-‘Imraan: Ayah 64]
Matthew 11:11-14: 11Truly, I say to you, among those born of women there has arisen no one greater than John the Baptist1. Yet the one who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he. 12From the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven has suffered violence, and the violent take it by force. 13For all the Prophets and the Law prophesied until John, 14and if you are willing to accept it, he is Elijah who is to come.2
We hebben het vers in kwestie vetgedrukt en we hebben voor de zekerheid ook de context erbij geplaatst zodat iedereen kan zien dat we hier géén verzen uit hun verband halen. Let’s get to it.
In Mattheüs 11:13 staat er dus dat alle profeten en de Wet3 tot Johannes(‘alayhi salam)4 toe hebben geprofeteerd. Nu krijgen we de claim van sommige mensen dat er géén sprake is van het woordje ‘alle’ in vers 13, echter stellen we ons hierbij de vraag of het wel een valide claim is? Wij gaan nu kijken naar het Grieks of er wel degelijk sprake is van het woordje ‘alle’ of niet.
Mattheüs 11:13 : πάντες γὰρ οἱ προφῆται καὶ ὁ νόμος ἕως Ἰωάννου ἐπροφήτευσαν.5 Wij hebben het woordje in kwestie vetgedrukt. Het gaat namelijk om het woordje Pantes/πάντες6. Pantes komt van het woord Pas/πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν7. Pas heeft de volgende betekenissen : all, the whole, every kind of. Het is dan ook meer dan duidelijk dat er in vers 13 dus wel zeker sprake is van ‘ALLE’ profeten.
Maar wat betekent nu precies dat alle profeten en de Wet tot Johannes(‘alayhi salam) toe hebben geprofeteerd? Laten we gaan kijken naar de Bijbel commentatoren.8
Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible : “For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John. These words are to be considered in connection with Matthew 11:11 and are a further proof of John’s being greater than any of the prophets; because all the inspired writers and prophets, who were before him, prophesied of the Messiah as to come; and either spoke of him in obscure terms, or represented him under dark shadows and figures: whereas John spake of him as already come, and in plain terms, and directed to his very person; and since his time, there have been no prophecies concerning the Messiah and his kingdom; vision and prophecy are now sealed up; all which are acknowledged by the Jews themselves, who (b) say, , “all the prophets did not prophesy but to, or of the days of the Messiah”. This was the subject, and these the limits of their prophecies; for they own (c), that”
Meyer’s NT Commentary : “Matthew 11:13-14 are by way of showing how it happens that, since the commencement of the Baptist’s ministry, the Messiah’s kingdom has been the object toward which such a violent movement has been directed. All the prophets, and even the law, have prophesied up till John’s time; John was the terminus ad quem of the period of prophecy which he brought to a close, and he who forms the termination of this epoch then steps upon the scene as the immediate forerunner of the Messiah—as the Elias who was to come.”
Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers : “(13) All the prophets and the law.—The usual order is inverted, because stress is laid on the prophetic rather than the legislative aspect of previous revelation. They did their work pointing to the kingdom of heaven in the far-off future of the latter days, but John saw it close at hand, and proclaimed its actual appearance.”
Matthew Poole’s Commentary: “It is no wonder that there was such a heat kindled in the souls of people upon John the Baptist’s coming, for they understood that Christ, typified in the law, and only foretold by the prophets, was now come. So as the ceremonial law from his time began to die, and all the prophecies of Christ in the prophets began then to have their complement. John showed them with his finger him who before had been only darkly revealed under types and figures, and in the prophecies of the prophets; men came to see that they had not hoped or waited in vain for the salvation of Israel. Prophesied, in this verse, signifies, made dark revelations of Christ and the kingdom of heaven.”
Geneva Study Bible: “For all the prophets and the law {d} prophesied until John. (d) They prophesied of things to come, which are now present, and clearly and plainly seen.”
Pulpit Commentary: “Verse 13. – For. It is only right that there should be such a seizing of the kingdom of heaven, for in a certain sense the function of the prophets and the Law ceased with John. All. Not one alone, but all, however various their teaching. The prophets and the law. In Luke (Luke 16:16) the Law is mentioned first, because the context is there dealing chiefly with the Law. Here our Lord has said that John was more than a prophet, and he naturally continues to speak of prophets first. The mention of the Law comes in almost as an afterthought, and yet without it the Jews might have fallen back on the Law when the prophets failed them (cf. ver. 11, note). Prophesied. Including the ideas both of predicting Messiah and of making known the will of God (cf. Matthew 5:19, note). Until John. The message of the written Word was considered as active – the prophets and the Law still spoke – until, in tact, he came who was the close of that epoch.”
Barnes’ Notes on the Bible: “All the prophets … – It is meant by this verse that John introduced a new dispensation; and that the old one, under which the prophets and the law of Moses were the guide, was closed when he preached that the kingdom of heaven was at hand. By the “law” is meant here the five books of Moses; by the prophets, the remainder of the books of the Old Testament.” Lees voetnoot 9 (!)
Bengel’s Gnomen: “Matthew 11:13. Γὰρ, for) Now is fulfilled that which had been predicted up to the time of John.—προφῆται—νόμος—Ἰωάννου, prophets—law—John) Cf. Mal. 1:1, 3:22, 23; and see Gnomon on Matthew 3:12. There were prophets also before Moses; and the law being put in the second place, makes a regular gradation; for Moses was the greatest of the prophets of the Old Testament. The law also is mentioned in this passage on account of its prophetic office. Where the Old Testament concludes at the end of Malachi, there the New Testament commences at the beginning of Mark. This phrase, therefore, even until John, holds good of Scripture. Its application extends also beyond Malachi, even to the father of John. Sec Luke 1:67. Even until, without change. Here was the boundary of prophecy and of the Old Testament dispensation; thenceforward is the fulfilling.—προεφήτευσαν, prophesied) This was the whole of their office, to bear witness to future things. John was something more. See Matthew 11:9.“
Nu we dus weten wat er bedoeld werd/wordt met Mattheüs 11:13, hebben ons team een vraag.
“Kan iemand 1 profetie van Noach(‘alayhi salam) en Abraham(‘alayhi salam) geven die specifiek over de Messias gaat?”
Als er géén profetie bestaat van Noach(‘alayhi salam) en Abraham(‘alayhi salam) die specifiek over de Messias gaat, dan zat Jezus(‘alayhi salam) gewoonweg fout door te zeggen dat ALLE profeten tot Johannes(‘alayhi salam) toe geprofeteerd hebben over de Messias (Jezus(‘alayhi salam) dus).
Ihdinaa as-siratal-mustaqiem10
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Voetnoten
[1] John the Baptist: Johannes de Doper. In de Qur’an staat hij bekend als de nobele Profeet Yahya(vrede zij met hem). [2] Dit is de English Standard Version, beter bekend als de ESV-vertaling. [3] De Wet: De Wetten wat God openbaarde aan Mozes(vrede zij met hem). De Wetten in de Thora. [4] ‘Alayhi salam: Arabisch voor “vrede zij met hem”. [5] Dit is de volledige transliteratie van Mattheüs 11:13: “Pantes gar oi prophe tai kai o nomos eos io annou eprophe teusan” [6] http://biblehub.com/interlinear/matthew/11-13.htm [7] http://biblehub.com/greek/3956.htm [8] http://biblehub.com/commentaries/matthew/11-13.htm [9] We zijn het hier oneens mee dat er met ‘de profeten’ enkel de boeken van de profeten in het Oud-Testament mee bedoeld worden. In de Thora vinden we ook profeten zoals Noach, Abraham, etc … Er is geen twijfel dat deze profeten ook bedoeld worden. Het gaat namelijk om alle profeten in het Oud-Testament, dus de profeten in de Thora ook! Bengel’s Gnomen vermeldt dit ook in zijn commentaar en zegt ook dat er voor Mozes(vrede zij met hem) ook profeten waren (Noach, Abraham, etc …). Bovendien claimen die andere commentatoren ook niet dat er met ‘de profeten’ enkel de boeken van de profeten in het Oud-Testament bedoeld werd in Mattheüs 11:13. [10] Ihdinaa as-siratal-mustaqiem: Arabisch voor ‘leid ons op het rechte pad’. Het is vers 6 van Surah Al-Fatihaa (hoofdstuk 1).